Central Locking Solenoid

What is a Central Locking Solenoid?
The central locking solenoid is effectively just an electrical switch that opens and closes the various locks around the car such as the doors, boot etc. These require power and when they fail can lead to problems getting into the car, especially on newer cars when a manual way of opening the car isn't always straight forward.
What problems can be caused by this part?

Central locking not working at all

The car key batteries are ok but when pressing the lock or unlock button the central locking does nothing, it won't open or close. It may sound as if it's trying to move but not getting enough power to complete the locking/unlocking action.

Central locking doesn't always work

The central locking mechanism doesn't always work, sometimes it can sound like it's trying to unlock/lock the doors but it doesn't work.

How much does it cost to replace the Central Locking Solenoid?
They tend to cost from around £20 per unit.
We have 4 owner problems that mention the Central Locking Solenoid